Electrical apparatus for transmitting and receiving signals.



A. BARR & W. STROUD. ELEGTRIGAL APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING SIGNALS.

APPLICATION FILED 8111.28. 1907.

Patented Nov. 14, 1911.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

' A. BARR (I; W. STROUD. ELECTRICAL APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING SIGNALS.

APPLIGATION FILED JAN. 28. 190 7. 1,009,01 3. Patented Nov. 14, 1911.

I 4 SHEETSSHEET 2.

A. BARR & W. STROUD.

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING SIGNALS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 28, 1907.

1,008,618.. I Patented N0v.14;,1911.

4 SHEETS-SEEBT 3.

A. BARR & W. STROUD.

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS FOR TRAN$MITTING AND RECEIVING SIGNALS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 28, 1907.

l,Q()9 O1 3, Patented NOV.14,1911.'

4 SHEETS-SHBET 4.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. v

ARGHI AL 353 or eLAseow', SCOTLAND, m1) wrrnrms'rnoun OF'LEEDS,

, G A JD ELECT R1041. APPARATUS FOR. TRANSMITTING AND aacnrv'me SlGNALfi- I Specification of Lettersiatent. Patented Nov. 14, 1911.

Application filed January 28, 1907; ,Serial 354,526.

To all whom it may concern J Be it known that we, ARCHIBALD B R, professor of engineering in the University of Glasgow,and residing in Glasgow, in the county of the city. of Glasgow, Scotland, and

. WILLIAM S'rRoUD, professor of physics in the in .the progressive movement given to ,an'

operated member of the transmitter are imi parted in steps to .a rotor comprised in the I --receiver, the steps imparted to the rotor cor-I responding in number and in direction toE those given to the operated member of the transmitter.

In the construction ofelectricalapparatus of this character it has been proposed td provide a number of electro-magne'ts angularly disposed arourfd an'armature shaft set in a plane transverse to the axis of rotation of the armature'shaft in-association with a single armature upon which the magnets areadapted' to actin succession as they are energized in .rotation to turn the armature in a forward or backward direction. In instruments of this kind, invention has been; directed toward simplicity of construction;

and actuation, to which end a simple -un-= wound armature has been adopted in the construction of the receiver in conjunction with a transmitter consisting of a device for -'commutating a current so as to cause the electro-magnets of'the receiver to be ener gizedin succession in either direction as re-; quired. In instruments of this type the con-= struction of receiver adopted is open to some:

objections partly owing to the electrormag-- nets being all set in the same transverse plane which causes their fieldsto intersect and interfere in action witheach other, and

partly in consequence of the mechanical form of construction involved.

This'mvention relates to electrical transmitting and receiving apparatus working on the step-by-step system in which electro magnets in the receiver are successively energ zed by the action of the transmitter and theobject in view is to produce improved apparatus of this type comprising an improved'form of receiver in which the fields vof the electro-magnets are in separate :planeetransverse, to the-axis of the armature shaft n conjunction the pro'vision of .a separate simple unwound armature for each electromagnet, with the view of attaining an mproved method of action and of producing improvements in the mechanical .constnuctionf and arrangement of the elements comprising the receiver; In the-construction of apparatus accordng to this invention, the 'improved'form of receiver consists of a set of motor devices each-comprisingan electroemagnet having a pair of pole-pieces and a complementary rotary armature, the armatures being car- .raed'ona ,shaft about which the pole-pieces of the electro-magnets are set in separate "PlaIIQS tIIaIISVGPSGI to the -axis of the shaft presenting faces concentric thereto, the electro-magnet of each motor device when energized being adapted to act upon its respective armature when the armature is in an appropriate position relative to the polepiecesand to cause the armature shaft to .makea portion of a complete revolution, the motordevicescomprised in theset to form the-receiver being arranged and provision 'made so that they are brought into action in rotation to cause .thearmature shaft to revolvel-n either a forward or backward direction of rotation as required. To attain this desired disposition of the motor elements, the construction of the'recciver may .be varied in three ways, first, the axes of the magnets maybe set in parallel to each other,

and the arm'aturesangularly disposed around the shaft, secondly: the armatures may be-"set with'their axes parallel to each other and the magnets of the-series be angur larly disposed around the shaft; and thirdly,

a combination may be adopted, in -which the magnets of the series are angularly disposed and the armatures are also angularly disposed around the shaft.

Inthe accompanying drawings Figures 1 and 2 showin 'endfelevation and plan respectively one form of'our improved motor mechanism. Fig.- 3 is anillustrative diagram to enable the mode of working ofthe 'motor'to-[be more clearly understood. Figs.

4 and '5 show an end view and plan of a modified arrangement of the motor mechanism. Figs. 6, 7 and 8 show a modification of the motor mechanism in side elevations and in plan respectively. Figs. 9 and 10 are a side elevation and plan respectively, of a suitable transmitter for the operation of the receiver and Figs. 11 and 12 show developed views of the contact portion of the transmitter. I

In Figs. 1 and 2, A, B, and C, are three pairs of-pole pieces connected respectlvely to electro-magnets A B U. In arrangement the electro-magnets A B G are set in separate planes along the axis of an armature spindle e, the axes of the pole pieces of the magnets being parallel and being all contained in a plane in which the axis 6 lies, the .faces of the pole pieces being concentric with the axis of the armature spindle e. In Fig. 1, C indicatesthe core of the coil G the electro-magnets A and B belng similarly constructed. a, b, c, are three armatures fixed to or formed in one piece with the spindle e, the armature a being associated with the pair of pole pieces A, and the armatures Z) and a, being associated respectively with the pole pieces B and G and the arinatures a, b, and 0, are angularly disposed relatively to one another around the shaft at equal angles of 120. By this arrangement each armature is influenced only by the pole pieces associated withit. The pole pieces are shown as being bored out so that their faces take the form of portions of a hollow cylinder, while the armatures a, b and c, are turned cylindrically on their faces so as to lie within the pole pieces with small air gaps. v

The mode of operation of the mechanism is illustrated in the diagram Fig. 3, in which for clearness, the armatures are exhibited separately, though it is to be understood that, in the form of mechanism at present being described, they have a common axis as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

The positions in which the motor devices operate are indicated in the diagram Fig. 3.

Position 1 represents the stable position" when the electro-rnagnet A is energized, the armature a occupying a position directly between the pole pieces A, A. If now the electro-magnet B is also energized the armatures will assume the position 2," indicated in the diagram. When the current through A is broken, the magnet B only being energized, position 3 is assumed and so on successively through positions 4, 5, 6, when the magnets are energized in the order A, A and B, B, B and C, C, G and A, and soback to the position 1 when A alone is energized. In this way the spindle e is caused to rotate 180 by slx successive steps. It will be evident that if the order of energizing be reversed the armatures will rotate 1n the opposite diof the invention, namely,,the placing of the magnets in different planes transverse to the axis and providing a separate armature for each magnet.

Figs. 6, 7 and 8 show a modification of the motor mechanism of the receiver, wherein each of the armatures'a, b, c, has four arms instead of two, the arms of I) being at 30 to those of a and 0 and those of c at 30 to those of?) and a. In this'case the rotor will make one complete revolution in twelve steps if the magnets are energized singly or in twenty-four steps if the magnets are energized in the order A, A and B, B, B and C, C, C and A.

Any type of transmitting instrument that is adapted to commutate or distribute an electric current so as to cause it to flow through the coils of the electro-magnets of the receiving instrument in the required order may be used to operate the receiving instruments. One form of transmitter suitable for operation by hand is illustrated in Figs. v9, 10, 11 and 12. In these figures F is a handle on the spindle L on which a pinion G is carried which gears with a wheel H carried on the spindleof a drum E. In the arrangement shown the ,spindle of the handle is in two parts L and L and these are connected by a coupling K. This arrangement is merely for convenience, so as to allow the spindle L to be carried onthe outer case of the transmitter while the spindle L is mounted on the framework of the internal mechanism. In these figures E is a drumof insulating material, such as glass, carrying upon its cylindrical surface contact pieces A B G which are connected to a piece E An arrangement of contact pieces suitable for workingreceivers in the manner illustrated in Fig. 3 is shown developed in Fig. 12. In Fig. 12, A 13*, C are three suitable brushes arranged to make connection with the parts A, B C, respectively, and these brushes A, B and C are electrically connected with the magnet 0011s A B C respectively. Current from a suitable generator is brought to the brush E and is thus distributed to the magnets of the motor mechanism in proper succession as the commutator is revolved, the current being then conducted back from the magnets to the generator, the magnets being energized in the order A, A and B, B, B and C, etc., or in the order C, C andB, B, B and A, etc. When on the other hand, the magnets are to be energized in the order A, B and C,etc., or in the order O, B, A, etc., the arrangement shown in Fig. 11 maybe used. The armature will then take the successive positions illustrated diagrammatically by positions 1, 3 and 5 in Fig. 3. a

In instruments of this type the trans-- mitter may be adapted to be operated by hand or it may be automatically actuated when the motions of some mechanism are to be indicated, and the rotor of the receiver is adapted to impart step-by-step movements to a pointer, a drum, a dial-or other indicator in a forward or backward direction as required for indicating orders, ranges for gun control or other communication in a manner common to apparatus of this type; In the drawings, see Figs. 2 and 8, a toothed wheel 6 is shown fitted to the armature shaft 6 which may for example be arranged to drive a counter or other indicatlng mechanism suitable say forindicating ranges at a gun, the receiver being operated by a transmitter located at a distant station.

/ We claim as our invention:

1. Electrical transmitting and receiving apparatus of the type working on the stepby-step system conslsting of a receiver having a set of motor devices each of which comprises an electro-magnet haying a pair ture of each motor device at anyinstant beof pole pieces and a complementary rotary unwound. armature, the armatures being carried on a shaft and the pole piecesand armatures presenting faces concentric to the axis of the shaft, the motor devices being set in separate planes transverse tolthe axis of the shaft, the electro-magnet-"and armaing at a different angle to each other than .the electro-magnet and armature of any other motor device whereby when energized each electro-magnet is ada ted to act upon its respective armature an cause the armature shaft to make a portion of a complete revolution, in combination with a transmitter adapted to commutate a current for energizing the magnets in rotation, forthe purpose set forth.

2. Electrical transmitting and receiving apparatus of the type working on the stepby-step system consisting of a receiver having a set of motor devices each of which comprises an electro-magnet havinga pairof polepiecesand a complementary rotary unwound armature, the armatures being carried on a shaft and the pole pieces and armatures presenting faces concentric to the 1 axis of the shaft, the motor devices being set in separate planes transverse to the axis of the shaft, the electro-magnet and armature of each motor device at any instant being at a different angle to each other than the purposes set forth.

the electro-magnet and armature of any other motor device whereby when energized each electro-magnet is adapted to act upon which comprises an electro-magnet-having a pair of pole pieces and a complementary rotary unwound armature, the armatures being carried on a shaftand the 'pole pieces and armatures presenting faces concentric to the axis of the shaft, the motor devices being set in separate planes transverse to the axis of the shaft, the electro-magnet and' armature of each motor device at any 1nstant beingat a different angle to each other.

than the electro-magnet and armature of any other motor device wherebywhen energized each electro-magnet is adapted to act upon its-respective armature and'cau'se the armature shaft to make a portion of a complete revolution, in combination with a transmitter adapted to commutate a current for energizing the magnets in rotation for 4. Electrical transmitting and receiving apparatus of the type working on the stepby-step system consisting of a receiver having a set ofmo-tor devices each of which comprises anfelectro-magnet having a pair of pole pieces and a complementary rotary unwound armature having radial arms in balanced arrangement, the armatures being carried on a shaft and the pole pieces and armatures presenting faces concentric to the axis of the shaft, the motor devices being set in separate planest-ransverse to the axis of the shaft, the electro-magnet and armature of each motor device at any instant being at a different angle to each other than the electro-magnet and armature of any other motor device whereby when energized each electro-magnet is adapted to act upon its respective armature and cause the armature shaft to make a portion of a complete revolution, in combination with a transmitter adapted to commutate a current for energizing the magnets in rotation, forthe purposes set forth I 5. Electrical transmitting and receiving apparatus of the type working on the stepby-step system conslsting' of a receiver hav-,

inga set of motor devices each of which comprises an elect-ro-magnethaving a pair of pole pieces and a complementary rotary unwound armature having two radial arms in balanced arrangement, the armatures being carried on a shaft, andthe pole pieces and armatures presenting faces concentric to the axis of the shaft, the motor devices being set in-separate planes transverse to the axis of the shaft, the electro-magnet and armature of each motor device at any instant being at a different angle toeach other than the electro-magnetand armature of any other motor device whereby when energized each electro-niagnet is adapted to act upon its respective armature and cause the armature shaft to make a portion of a complete revolution, in combination with a transmitter adapted to commutate a currentfor energizing the magnets in rotation for the purpose set forth,

6. Electrical transmitting and receiving apparatus of'the type working on the stepby-step system consisting of a receiver having three motor devices each of which comprises an electro-magnet and a complementary rotary unwound armature, the arma-.

t-ures being' carried on a shaft about which the motor devices are set in separate planes transverse to the axis of the shaft, the pole pieces of the magnets of the series being set in one plane passing through the axis of the shaft and the armatures angularly disposed around the shaft, in combination with a transmitter adapted to commutate a current for energizing the magnets in rotation, for the purposes set forth.

7. Electrical transmitting and receiving apparatus of the type working on the stepbystep system consisting of a receiver having a set of motor devices each of which.

comprises an electro-magnet and a. complementary rotary unwound armature having.

radial arms in balanced arrangement, the armature's being carried on a shaft about which the motor devices are set in separate planes transverse to the axis of the shaft,

the pole piecesof the magnets of the series being set in one plane passing through the axis of the shaft and the armatures angularly disposed around the shaft, in combination with a transmitter adapted to commutats a current for energizing the magnets in rotation, for the purposes set forth.

8. Electrical transmitting and receiving apparatus of the type working on the stepby-step system consisting of a receiver having a set of motor devices having a common shaft and each of which comprises an electro magnet and a complementary rotary unwound armature having two radial arms formed in a piece extending across the shaft, about-which shaft the motor devices are set in separate planes transverse to the axis of the-shaft, the pole pieces of the magnets of the series being set in one plane passing through the axis of the shaft and the armatures angularly disposed around the shaft, in combination with a transmitter adapted to commutat-e a current for energizing the magnets in rotation, for the purposes set forth.

9. Electrical transmitting and receiving apparatus of the't-ype working on the stepby-step system consisting of a receiver having a set of motor devices each of which comprises an electro-magnet and a complementary rotary unwound armature, the armatures being carried on a shaft aboutv which themotor devices are set in separate planesqtransverse to the axis of the shaft,

the pole pieces of the magnets of the series 

